SKU: 70238150496

Protocol: How Control Exists After Decentralization

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Protocol: How Control Exists After DecentralizationHow Control Exists after DecentralizationIs the Internet a vast arena of unrestricted communication and freely exchanged information or a regulated, highly structured virtual bureaucracy? In Protocol, Alexander Galloway argues that the founding principle of the Net is control, not freedom, and that the controlling power lies in the technical protocols that make network connections (and disconnections) possible. He does this by treating the computer as

How Control Exists after Decentralization

Is the Internet a vast arena of unrestricted communication and freely exchanged information or a regulated, highly structured virtual bureaucracy? In Protocol, Alexander Galloway argues that the founding principle of the Net is control, not freedom, and that the controlling power lies in the technical protocols that make network connections (and disconnections) possible. He does this by treating the computer as a textual medium that is based on a technological language, code. Code, he argues, can be subject to the same kind of cultural and literary analysis as any natural language; computer languages have their own syntax, grammar, communities, and cultures. Instead of relying on established theoretical approaches, Galloway finds a new way to write about digital media, drawing on his backgrounds in computer programming and critical theory. "Discipline-hopping is a necessity when it comes to complicated socio-technical topics like protocol," he writes in the preface.

Galloway begins by examining the types of protocols that exist, including TCP/IP, DNS, and HTML. He then looks at examples of resistance and subversion--hackers, viruses, cyberfeminism, Internet art--which he views as emblematic of the larger transformations now taking place within digital culture. Written for a nontechnical audience, Protocol serves as a necessary counterpoint to the wildly utopian visions of the Net that were so widespread in earlier days.

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SKU: 70238150496

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Alicia K.
Boise, US
★★★★★ 5
Great For Dry Hair!
Scent: Unscented
This cream is AMAZING! Yes, it's great for skin and I love it but man it is AMAZING in my HAIR! I put a small amount on my fingers and get them wet with water then spread it through my hair, especially the dead ends....and this cream overnight did magic on my hair! A week later, not even using it every night and I have ZERO split ends! Like I didn't ever believe that split ends could be repaired! And it only takes a little bit!
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Kindle Customer
Phoenix, US
★★★★★ 4
Seems good
Scent: Unscented
It feels good on the skin and I have dry skin.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 30, 2025
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Spldrttn98x
Birmingham, US
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I bought 3 different whipped tallow creams, and this is by far my favorite. It is fast absorbing not greasy at all. I am a cashier and handle a ton of cardboard daily, so my hands dry out fast. This has been a lifesaver for my hands! Will buy more and I highly recommend this product!
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Phoenix, US
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Non-greasy & quick absorbing
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Nice cream. Non-greasy. Doesn't smell. Absorbs pretty quickly so not heavy.
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thethreeomigios
Lexington, US
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Excema problem, you need to try this
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Best cream I ever used for my eczema. Using this twice a day makes a HUGE difference. It's lightweight, and better value than most beef tallow creams. Scent is ok. This stuff really softens my skin!!! You need a use for around a month to see best results.p
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Reviewed in the United States on March 19, 2026

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