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Vehicle Fitments:

Year Make Model Submodel
1967 - 1975 Chevrolet Bel Air Base
1967 - 1972 Chevrolet Biscayne Base
1973 - 1974 Chevrolet Blazer Base
1969 - 1972 Chevrolet Brookwood Base
1978 - 1980 Chevrolet C10 Big Ten
1975 - 1980 Chevrolet C10 Custom, Custom Deluxe, Cheyenne, Scottsdale, Silverado
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet C10 Pickup Base
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet C10 Suburban Base
1975 - 1980 Chevrolet C10 Suburban Silverado, Custom Deluxe, Scottsdale
1990 - 1993 Chevrolet C1500 454 SS, Silverado, WT, Cheyenne
1990 - 1991 Chevrolet C1500 Base
1990 - 1992 Chevrolet C1500 Scottsdale
1986 Chevrolet C20 Base
1975 - 1986 Chevrolet C20 Cheyenne, Silverado, Scottsdale
1981 - 1986 Chevrolet C20 Custom
1975 - 1980 Chevrolet C20 Custom Deluxe
1981 Chevrolet C20 Deluxe
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet C20 Pickup Base
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet C20 Suburban Base
1981 - 1986 Chevrolet C20 Suburban Custom
1975 - 1980 Chevrolet C20 Suburban Custom Deluxe
1981 Chevrolet C20 Suburban Deluxe
1975 - 1986 Chevrolet C20 Suburban Silverado, Scottsdale
1993 Chevrolet C2500 Custom, 400 SS
1991 - 1992 Chevrolet C2500 Scottsdale
1991 - 1995 Chevrolet C2500 Silverado, Base, Cheyenne
1994 - 1995 Chevrolet C2500 WT
1992 - 1995 Chevrolet C2500 Suburban Base
1995 Chevrolet C2500 Suburban LT, LS
1992 - 1994 Chevrolet C2500 Suburban Silverado
1975 - 1982 Chevrolet C30 Base
1975 - 1981 Chevrolet C30 Cheyenne
1981 - 1986 Chevrolet C30 Custom
1975 - 1980 Chevrolet C30 Custom Deluxe
1981 Chevrolet C30 Deluxe
1975 - 1986 Chevrolet C30 Silverado, Scottsdale
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet C30 Pickup Base
1994 - 1995 Chevrolet C3500 Base
1988 - 1992 Chevrolet C3500 Scottsdale
1988 - 1995 Chevrolet C3500 Silverado, Cheyenne
1967 - 1972 Chevrolet Camaro Z28, SS, RS, Base
1967 - 1974 Chevrolet Caprice Base
1973 - 1976 Chevrolet Caprice Classic
1976 Chevrolet Caprice Classic Estate, Classic Landau
1975 - 1976 Chevrolet Caprice Classic Sport
1973 - 1974 Chevrolet Caprice Estate
1975 Chevrolet Caprice Estate Wagon
1967 - 1968 Chevrolet Chevelle 300
1967 - 1969 Chevrolet Chevelle 300 Deluxe
1969 - 1972 Chevrolet Chevelle Concours Estate, Greenbrier
1967 - 1972 Chevrolet Chevelle Concours, Base, SS
1967 - 1973 Chevrolet Chevelle Deluxe
1968 - 1972 Chevrolet Chevelle Nomad, Malibu
1968 Chevrolet Chevy II Nova
1967 - 1974 Chevrolet Corvette Base
1967 - 1975 Chevrolet El Camino Base
1975 Chevrolet El Camino Classic
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet El Camino Custom
1968 - 1975 Chevrolet El Camino SS
1969 - 1970 Chevrolet Estate Base
1973 - 1974 Chevrolet G10 Van Base, Sportvan
1976 Chevrolet G20 Beauville, Sportvan, Chevy Van
1973 - 1974 Chevrolet G20 Van Base, Sportvan
1975 - 1996 Chevrolet G30 Sportvan, Beauville, Chevy Van, Hi-Cube
1973 - 1974 Chevrolet G30 Van Base, Sportvan
1967 - 1976 Chevrolet Impala Base
1976 Chevrolet Impala Custom Landau, S
1975 - 1976 Chevrolet Impala Custom, Sport
1967 Chevrolet Impala SS
1976 - 1980 Chevrolet K10 Cheyenne, Silverado, Custom Deluxe, Scottsdale
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet K10 Pickup Base
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet K10 Suburban Base
1976 - 1980 Chevrolet K20 Scottsdale, Custom Deluxe, Cheyenne, Silverado
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet K20 Pickup Base
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet K20 Suburban Base
1985 Chevrolet K20 Suburban Scottsdale, Silverado, Custom
1994 - 1995 Chevrolet K2500 Base, WT
1991 - 1992 Chevrolet K2500 Scottsdale
1991 - 1995 Chevrolet K2500 Silverado, Cheyenne
1992 - 1995 Chevrolet K2500 Suburban Base
1995 Chevrolet K2500 Suburban LT, LS
1992 - 1994 Chevrolet K2500 Suburban Silverado
1977 - 1981 Chevrolet K30 Cheyenne
1981 - 1986 Chevrolet K30 Custom
1977 - 1980 Chevrolet K30 Custom Deluxe
1981 Chevrolet K30 Deluxe
1977 - 1986 Chevrolet K30 Scottsdale, Silverado
1968 - 1974 Chevrolet K30 Pickup Base
1994 - 1995 Chevrolet K3500 Base
1988 - 1995 Chevrolet K3500 Cheyenne, Silverado
1988 - 1992 Chevrolet K3500 Scottsdale
1976 Chevrolet K5 Blazer Base
1976 - 1978 Chevrolet K5 Blazer Cheyenne
1977 - 1978 Chevrolet K5 Blazer Custom Deluxe
1978 Chevrolet K5 Blazer Silverado
1969 - 1972 Chevrolet Kingswood Estate, Base
1973 - 1975 Chevrolet Laguna Base
1973 Chevrolet Laguna Estate
1975 Chevrolet Laguna S3
1974 Chevrolet Laguna Type S-3
1967 - 1975 Chevrolet Malibu Base
1974 - 1975 Chevrolet Malibu Classic
1975 Chevrolet Malibu Classic Estate
1973 - 1974 Chevrolet Malibu Estate
1970 - 1974 Chevrolet Monte Carlo Base
1973 - 1974 Chevrolet Monte Carlo Landau
1973 - 1975 Chevrolet Monte Carlo S
1969 - 1972 Chevrolet Nova Base
1973 Chevrolet P10 Van Base
1976 - 1979 Chevrolet P20 Step-Van, Base
1970 - 1973 Chevrolet P20 Van Base
1975 - 1997 Chevrolet P30 Base
1975 - 1990 Chevrolet P30 Step-Van
1970 - 1974 Chevrolet P30 Van Base
1988 Chevrolet R20 Cheyenne
1987 - 1988 Chevrolet R20 Custom Deluxe, Silverado, Scottsdale
1987 Chevrolet R20 Suburban Custom Deluxe
1987 - 1988 Chevrolet R20 Suburban Scottsdale, Silverado
1989 Chevrolet R2500 Scottsdale, Silverado, Cheyenne
1989 - 1991 Chevrolet R2500 Suburban Scottsdale, Silverado
1988 Chevrolet R30 Cheyenne
1987 - 1988 Chevrolet R30 Scottsdale, Silverado, Custom Deluxe
1989 - 1991 Chevrolet R3500 Cheyenne, Silverado
1989 - 1990 Chevrolet R3500 Scottsdale
1969 - 1972 Chevrolet Townsman Base
1987 Chevrolet V20 Suburban Custom Deluxe
1987 - 1988 Chevrolet V20 Suburban Scottsdale, Silverado
1990 Chevrolet V2500 Suburban Silverado, Scottsdale
1988 Chevrolet V30 Cheyenne
1987 - 1988 Chevrolet V30 Silverado, Scottsdale, Custom Deluxe
1989 - 1990 Chevrolet V3500 Scottsdale
1989 - 1991 Chevrolet V3500 Silverado, Cheyenne
1972 - 1979 Excalibur Phaeton Base
1977 - 1978 GMC C15 Heavy Half
1975 - 1978 GMC C15 High Sierra, Sierra Grande, Base, Sierra Classic
1977 GMC C15 Indy Hauler
1978 GMC C15 Street Coupe
1975 - 1978 GMC C15 Suburban High Sierra, Sierra Grande, Sierra Classic, Base
1968 - 1974 GMC C15/C1500 Pickup Base
1968 - 1974 GMC C15/C1500 Suburban Base
1979 - 1980 GMC C1500 Sierra Grande, High Sierra, Base, Street Coupe, Heavy Half, Sierra Classic
1979 - 1980 GMC C1500 Suburban High Sierra, Sierra Grande, Base, Sierra Classic
1975 - 1978 GMC C25 High Sierra, Base, Sierra Classic, Sierra Grande
1975 - 1978 GMC C25 Suburban High Sierra, Sierra Classic, Sierra Grande, Base
1968 - 1974 GMC C25/C2500 Pickup Base
1968 - 1974 GMC C25/C2500 Suburban Base
1979 - 1986 GMC C2500 High Sierra, Base, Sierra Classic
1979 - 1982 GMC C2500 Sierra Grande
1991 - 1995 GMC C2500 Sierra SLE
1994 - 1995 GMC C2500 Sierra SLT, Sierra SL
1991 - 1993 GMC C2500 Sierra, Sierra SLX
1979 - 1995 GMC C2500 Suburban Base
1979 - 1986 GMC C2500 Suburban Sierra Classic, High Sierra
1979 - 1982 GMC C2500 Suburban Sierra Grande
1992 - 1995 GMC C2500 Suburban SLE
1995 GMC C2500 Suburban SLT
1975 - 1978 GMC C35 High Sierra, Sierra Grande, Base, Sierra Classic
1968 - 1974 GMC C35/C3500 Pickup Base
1979 - 1986 GMC C3500 High Sierra, Base, Sierra Classic
1979 - 1982 GMC C3500 Sierra Grande
1988 - 1995 GMC C3500 Sierra SLE
1994 - 1995 GMC C3500 Sierra SLT, Sierra SL
1988 - 1993 GMC C3500 Sierra, Sierra SLX
1975 - 1976 GMC G25 Vandura, Rally, Rally STX
1976 GMC G35 Rally, Rally STX, Vandura, Magnavan, Vandura Special, Rally Camper Special
1974 GMC G35/G3500 Van Base
1973 - 1974 GMC G35/G3500 Van Vandura, Rally
1988 GMC G3500 Rally Custom
1988 - 1996 GMC G3500 Vandura Special, Rally STX, Rally, Magnavan, Rally Camper Special, Vandura
1973 - 1976 GMC Jimmy Base
1976 GMC Jimmy Sierra Grande, Sierra Classic, High Sierra
1976 GMC K15 Sierra Classic, High Sierra, Sierra Grande, Base
1968 - 1974 GMC K15/K1500 Pickup Base
1968 - 1974 GMC K15/K1500 Suburban Base
1979 - 1980 GMC K1500 Sierra Classic, High Sierra, Base, Sierra Grande
1976 - 1978 GMC K25 High Sierra, Base, Sierra Grande, Sierra Classic
1976 - 1977 GMC K25 Suburban High Sierra, Sierra Grande, Base, Sierra Classic
1968 - 1974 GMC K25/K2500 Pickup Base
1968 - 1974 GMC K25/K2500 Suburban Base
1994 - 1995 GMC K2500 Sierra SL, Sierra SLT
1991 - 1995 GMC K2500 Sierra SLE
1991 - 1993 GMC K2500 Sierra, Sierra SLX
1992 - 1995 GMC K2500 Suburban SLE, Base
1995 GMC K2500 Suburban SLT
1968 - 1974 GMC K35/K3500 Pickup Base
1979 - 1986 GMC K3500 High Sierra, Base, Sierra Classic
1979 - 1982 GMC K3500 Sierra Grande
1994 - 1995 GMC K3500 Sierra SL, Sierra SLT
1988 - 1995 GMC K3500 Sierra SLE
1988 - 1993 GMC K3500 Sierra SLX, Sierra
1979 GMC P1500 Base, Value Van
1970 - 1971 GMC P25/P2500 Van Base
1975 - 1978 GMC P35 Value Van, Base
1970 - 1974 GMC P35/P3500 Van Base
1974 GMC P35/P3500 Van Motorhome
1979 - 1997 GMC P3500 Base
1979 - 1990 GMC P3500 Value Van
1987 - 1989 GMC R2500 High Sierra, Base, Sierra Classic
1987 - 1991 GMC R2500 Suburban Base
1987 GMC R2500 Suburban High Sierra
1987 - 1989 GMC R2500 Suburban Sierra Classic
1990 GMC R2500 Suburban SLE
1987 - 1991 GMC R3500 Base
1987 - 1989 GMC R3500 Sierra Classic, High Sierra
1990 - 1991 GMC R3500 SLE
1971 - 1975 GMC Sprint Base
1972 - 1974 GMC Sprint Custom
1975 GMC Sprint SP, High Sierra, Classic
1987 - 1991 GMC V3500 Base
1987 - 1989 GMC V3500 High Sierra, Sierra Classic
1990 - 1991 GMC V3500 SLE
1969 - 1974 Iso Grifo Base
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SKU: 88522160499

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Really pleasantly sour and delicious
Flavor Name: Tangerine, Watermelon, Blue Raspberry
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Reviewed in the United States on April 15, 2026
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Reviewed in the United States on June 1, 2026
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James E. Egolf
Fort Morgan, US
★★★★★ 5
A Clear Concise Precis of a Complex Historical Era
Format: Paperback
R.W. Southern's book titled WESTERN SOCIETY AND THE CHURCH IN THE MIDDLE AGES is a readable account of the Medieval Catholic Church from c 750 to c. 1450. Southern concisely explained the achievements, successes, and failures. According to Southern, the achievements and successes far outweighed the failures and wrong doing. Southern's book began with the special relationship between the new "barbarian" secular rulers and the Catholic clergy especially the monks and bishops. The fact that most secular rulers were not literate especially in the use of Latin, they relied on learned Catholic clergy. The Catholic clergy became crucial and both they and the secular rulers relied on each other. While Charlemagne (768-814)had a revered status as the defender of the Latin West, Southern mentioned his reliance on Catholic clergy. Charlemagne could read,but he never learned to write. He was aware of his own deficiencies and started the Palace School at Aachen where, among others, Alcuin (735-804) and other learned men expanded learning at a time called the Carolingian Renaissance. What readers should appreciate is that without Catholic clergy and monks, learning would have disappeared in Western Europe. Southern was very clear about this. The Medieval Catholic authorities faced other challenges. Long simmering feuds existed between the Byzantine Greek Orthodox Church authorities and the Latin Roman Catholic authorities. During the eighth century and again in 1054,the official reasons for tensions were the use of icons (The Iconoclastic Controversy) and the status of the Pope. As Southern wrote, these tensions were a cover for the disputes between the Italians and Byzantine Greeks over Byzantine control of parts of Italy. What the Greek Orthodox and Byzantine authorities did not want to realize was that the Latin West including the Popes were their only salvation vs. the Islamic Seljuk Turks especially after the Byzantine defeat at Manzikurt in 1071. In 1422, Pope Martin V (1417-1471)reminded the Byzantine religious and secular rulers how much they relied on the Latin West. In other words, Pope Martin V demanded concessions if the Byzantines expected help vs. the Turks. Because of the lang standing traditions the Byzantines had, they refused to face their doom which occurred in 1453. Southern's description of this dilemma was well presented. An achievement that Southern emphasized was the development of Canon Law. Increased trade, urbanization, and political power led to conflicts between secular rulers and Catholic authorities. Some of the Medieval Popes were known as "The Lawyer Popes" such as Pope Alexander III (1159-1181), especially Pope Innocent III (1198-1216), and Pope Pope Gregory IX (1227-1241). While the Popes could and sometimes used excommunication and interdict to intimidate secular rivals, the problem became acute because of too much reliance on these spiritual weapons. Not only did the Popes exert power and influence, the Catholic bishops also had considerable influence. The Cathoic bishoporics existed long befor the monastic orders and the friars. The ideal for bishops was Pope Gregory's (590-604)work titled PASTORAL CARE. Due to the bishops' position of power and status, many became too involved with poltical situations that mitigated Pope Gregory I's ideal. Bishops had to enforce discipline, show wisdom, and administer effectively. Southern mentioned some of the bishops who were effective and some who were inept. For example Bishop Odo Riguad (1247-1276) was "firm but fair." He was lenient for qualifications for those who wanted to enter Holy Orders and was reasonable, in fact kind, re reconcilation. Yet, he expected those under his authority to comply with their priestly duties. On the other hand, John Peckham who was the Archbishop of Canterbury (1279-1292)was obstinate, incompetent, and not capable for the position. After the Papal Election Decree in 1059 and the Investature Controversy, the Popes wanted the local clergy to decide on the appointment of bishops. Southern told readers that even a Pope as powerful as Pope Innocent III (1198-1216)preferred local selection. While Popes could intervene if no decision could be reached, they preferred not to impose what Southern called "The Royal Road." While the bishoporics existed prior to the monastic orders and friars, the latter groups were also crucial to the Catholic Church and the Latin West. The dominant orders included the Benedictines started by St. Benedict (480-544) whose Benedictine Rule was the standard until c. 1050. The work of the monastic orders re learning can never be underestimated especially since they wrote and hand copied books including the Bible long before the invention of the printing press. Their influnce was such that a Beneditine was made Pope-Pope Gregory I (590-604). Other orders such as the Cistertians and Augustinians later developed separate from the Benedictines. The best known of the Cistertians was St. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090-1153)whose rhetoric and conservative views were a check on unbridled enthusiams. The friars were orders of men and women who left the cloister to appeal to the masses. St. Dominic (1170-1221) started the Order of Preachers or Dominicans as a learned society of men and woman to combat heresy. The Friars Minor (the Franciscans) were started by St. Francis of Assissi (1182-1226),and these men and woman started as an order to help the poorest of the poor. Southern could have mentioned that St. Francis helped those even God ignored. The Dominicans and Franciscans became dominant teachers in Catholic universities and revived interest in Ancient Greek thought. These men and women also made signficant contributions re science and mathematics. A major reason for the creation of the friars was the gradual increase of urbanization. As Southern reminded readers, without towns, there would have been no friars. Without universities, the friars would never have been great. By the middle of the 14th. century (the 1300s), the Scholastic achievements faded because of the trivial debates. This led to a revival of Catholic mysticism such as Thomas a Kempis' (1380-1471)who wrote IMITATION OF CHRIST and later St. Ignatius Loyola's (1491-1556) SPIRITUAL EXERCISES. As Southern warned did such mysticism lead to false piety? Southern did an effective job re Medieval Catholic Church History. He could have emphasized the work of some of the giant intellects such as St. Albertus Magnus (1193-1280) and St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274). Southern's treatment of Canon Law was later enhanced by Berman's book titled LAW AND REVOLUTION. Students of Church History will benefit from Southern's book. It is clear, and complexities are carefully explained. The list of Popes at the end of the book can help readers to keep track of the "players." James E. Egolf November 5, 2013
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Reviewed in the United States on November 6, 2013
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Thomas J. Burns
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 5
From the Bones of Peter
Format: Paperback
A brief forward to this work is in order. R.W. Southern stands among England's finest historical scholars of the twentieth century and was knighted by the Queen in 1975. The publisher, Penguin, has worked to bring the best of the humanities to an inquisitive public for almost a century. Southern's medieval survey is thus an eminently readable text buttressed by a profound grasp of both trends and minutiae. Our work at hand is one of seven independent works in Penguin's history of the Church series. Southern's contribution was first published in 1970 and updated in 1990. Historians are bringing more interdisciplinary tools to the study of medieval history, from climate to demographics to agriculture. Southern is the product of an earlier and more basic methodology, where the nexus of Church and Society stood as the interpretive key to an understanding of the times. I first read "Western Society and the Church" shortly after its original release in 1970. Reading it again in 2014 impressed upon me how compatible Southern's comprehensive overview stands with what we now know in greater detail about mystical movements, cold winters, trade, exploration, and plague, among other factors. Despite the wide sweep of his narrative, Southern's conclusions are drawn from meticulous examination of records, with useful numerical charts interspersed from time to time. Southern treats of the years 800-1500 CE and the provenance of the Roman Catholic Church in that era. The title's phrasing of "Western Society and the Church" is a pregnant one. The organism of the Church and western society as a whole shared a common cosmology or world vision. Medieval man did indeed understand himself to be living in a "Middle Age" between the time of Christ's first and second coming. However, Southern's overview provides many instances where the major organs of the Church and western society were hardly of one mind, either. Not surprisingly Southern devotes considerable attention to the changing Petrine ministry, which in 800 was not enjoying its finest hour. Besieged by Islam and other foreign peoples, belittled by Eastern Christianity from Constantinople, and its own house in disarray, Rome somehow maintained a religious and psychological hold in the popular mind. As reliquary of the bones of Peter, Rome and its successive bishops never entirely lost hold of mystery and supremacy in the early dark medieval era. In popular thought at the time, the pope was a living vicar of Peter. "Though men came to Rome in the first place to visit the (bones of the) Apostle, they prostrated themselves before the pope." (95) What would maintain Church order through dark times, Southern implies, was an inner sense among men of the times that God's order (and wrath) was mediated by the Church. Fractiousness between clergy and laity was common, but fear of damnation trumped all. Only the most cynical of men would knowingly dismiss hell fire And thus the Vicar of Peter became the Vicar of Christ. It did not hurt the cause that shrewd popes buttressed their positions with questionable emphases upon more ancient secular entitlements dating to the times of the Constantinian/Christian empire of the West. The heritage of Charlemagne and the forgery of the "Donation of Constantine" played their parts, but the permanent breech with the East may have been a deciding factor as well. Pontiffs such as Gregory VII came to understand their office as specific, detailed, and immediate. To speak anachronistically, popes became managers of a far flung bureaucracy of order and sanctification in what was now a Western European Roman Catholic venture. By 1100 there was plenty for popes to do. The relationship between pastoral appointments (bishops and abbots, for example) and the attendant financial compensation became quite complex. The papal office became official arbiter over disputes between various parties, to the degree that the majority of high medieval popes were drawn from the legal profession. Southern describes a medieval Church of prelates, scribes and lawyers crisscrossing Western Europe in the name of the Pope with portfolios of litigation and judgment. It does not miss the author’s attention that the papacy was also the greatest broker of spiritual reward and punishment, specifically its powers of excommunication and redemption, the latter becoming a major target of reformers at the end of the era. Southern contends that religious orders extended major spiritual and practical influence throughout the Middle Ages. In 800 the Benedictine Order, whose legacy would include spiritual efficacy, scholarship, good order, and physical enhancement of the environment, was at its apex. Southern proceeds to outline in some detail how the inevitable decline of fervor in a predominant order of the day would inspire the development of a new order to address developing contemporary concerns. As successors of the Benedictines, Southern identifies the Augustinians, the first medieval religious movement to embrace a generic rule derived directly from the Gospels as well as rigorous and moderate variants of daily life style. The next was the Cistercians, who sought to return to the letter and spirit of St. Benedict's rule. Their quest for purity and escape from the world led them to flee to the outer edges of Western Europe and consequently to develop these lands, a major social contribution. Southern sees the Franciscan and Dominican moments of the thirteenth century respectively as the Cistercian and Augustinian reforms for this later era of European society. Southern's penultimate chapters is devoted to what he called he called the fringe orders; today we would think of these in part as the Beguines and the multitude of spontaneous mystical and devotional movements associated with the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. His final chapter, "A Confusion of Tongues," continues his account of spiritual diversification leading to early Protestant thought and practice. The tenor of this book is what one would expect of the relaxed scholar/gentleman unfolding his description of this age with a profound but understandable style. He shares a lifetime of scholarship in an inviting way to those entering the Middle Ages for the first time.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 9, 2014
J
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jdee28
Omaha, US
★★★★★ 5
Excellent treatment of a narrow subject: how society shaped the church
Format: Paperback
This book is not a comprehensive overview of the church from 700-1500, nor is it a narrative treatment or an introduction. This book is highly selective, focusing on one central theme. Its strengths are in its organization and in the examples it gives to illustrate its theme. These examples are concrete, vivid and use quotations from original documents to excellent effect. The theme of the book is how society shaped the church. Southern examines the main institutions of the church -- the papacy, bishops, religious orders and fringe orders -- and shows how the needs and interests of society molded each. Perhaps having written on 1000-1200 in other books, for me, the strongest insights Southern makes here are on the periods 750-1000 and 1200-1500. Insights that particularly struck me: the importance of magic from 750-1000; the evolution of bishops, from supporting local rulers to supporting the pope; the importance of the Augustinian canons in the twelfth century, seeing them as one end of a pole, with the Cistercians on the other end and the Benedictines in the middle; the role of Franciscans and Dominicans in supporting scholars in the thirteenth century; and the fringe orders -- the book has one of the best treatments of the Brethren of the Common Life from the fourteenth century that I have come across. The book is highly selective. There is no treatment in this book on intellectual life (the "new learning") or artistic life, nor is there much on the heresies of the period or popular religion (the "new piety"). What the book does select to treat, it does so in a deep, highly readable, substantial way. One will definitely come away with how the demands of society molded the church. Highly recommended!!
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Reviewed in the United States on February 24, 2021

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