SKU: 66655918007

The Cabinet: George Washington and the Creation of an American Institution

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The Cabinet: George Washington and the Creation of an American InstitutionThe US Constitution never established a presidential cabinet the delegates to the Constitutional Convention explicitly rejected the idea. So how did George Washington create one of the most powerful bodies in the federal government? On November 26, 1791, George Washington convened his department secretaries Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, Henry Knox, and Edmund Randolph for the first cabinet meeting. Why did he wait two and a half years into his

The US Constitution never established a presidential cabinet--the delegates to the Constitutional Convention explicitly rejected the idea. So how did George Washington create one of the most powerful bodies in the federal government?

On November 26, 1791, George Washington convened his department secretaries--Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, Henry Knox, and Edmund Randolph--for the first cabinet meeting. Why did he wait two and a half years into his presidency to call his cabinet? Because the US Constitution did not create or provide for such a body. Washington was on his own.

Faced with diplomatic crises, domestic insurrections, and constitutional challenges--and finding congressional help lacking--Washington decided he needed a group of advisors he could turn to. He modeled his new cabinet on the councils of war he had led as commander of the Continental Army. In the early days, the cabinet served at the president's pleasure. Washington tinkered with its structure throughout his administration, at times calling regular meetings, at other times preferring written advice and individual discussions.

Lindsay M. Chervinsky reveals the far-reaching consequences of Washington's choice. The tensions in the cabinet between Hamilton and Jefferson heightened partisanship and contributed to the development of the first party system. And as Washington faced an increasingly recalcitrant Congress, he came to treat the cabinet as a private advisory body to summon as needed, greatly expanding the role of the president and the executive branch.

Binding Type: Hardcover
Publisher: Belknap Press
Published: 04/07/2020
ISBN: 9780674986480
Pages: 432
Weight: 1.50lbs
Size: 8.90h x 5.90w x 1.70d

Review Citations: Library Journal 03/01/2020 pg. 104
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SKU: 66655918007

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Erin Brant
Dallas, US
★★★★★ 5
Fun for our puppies
Color: brown1
Fun tug of war toy for our heeler pups. They haven't destroyed it yet but time will tell. Cute, and easy to take with us to the park.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 10, 2026
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candybar5
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 4
Dog toy for heavy chewers
Color: brown1
This is pretty durable. My puppy chews up most stuffed toys. This one is still mostly intact. It’s missing one ear and the tail but the way it was sewn it’s still very usable. It’s one of his favorite toys
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Reviewed in the United States on January 7, 2026
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InspirationalReader
Grantham, US
★★★★★ 5
Great dog toy! Good quality!
Color: brown1
Great quality dog toy! The rope is thick and not easy to break. Fun toy for my medium-sized dog who loves to tug-of-war with me.
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Reviewed in the United States on December 30, 2025
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Edilla
Houston, US
★★★★★ 3
For small dog
Color: brown4, Color: brown4
It's cute for the price, but it's meant for small dogs, it's very easy for medium-sized dogs to destroy.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 10, 2026
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Robert A.
Los Angeles, US
★★★★★ 5
Small Pug Enjoyment For All!
Color: brown1, Color: brown1
We got this toy to replace an earlier purchase for a rope/squeak toy after finding he loved a holiday purchase by an Aunt which squeaked but was not really meant for tugging/heavy playing like he wanted too, for our half pug/schnauzer Mr. Pug. Compared to the first toy and the attempted replacement he ADORES this toy! As you can see in the above picture he has truly laid his claim to it! About the product in general though, we found it surprisingly sturdy all around, even with heavy tugging and aggressive play. The interior padding is durable it seems, and holes where the rope come out have a heavy duty padding for the target dog audience like ours in preventing him from chewing or tearing it up. The crinkly ears were also an enjoyable surprise for him, and the squeaker can move around the torso area of the toy keeping him actively looking for it when he desires it. All in all we would certainly get another toy like this in the future.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 25, 2025

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