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Description
The Internal Enemy: Slavery and War in Virginia, 1772-1832Frederick Douglass recalled that slaves living along Chesapeake Bay longingly viewed sailing ships as "freedom's swift winged angels." In 1813 those angels appeared in the bay as British warships coming to punish the Americans for declaring war on the empire. Over many nights, hundreds of slaves paddled out to the warships seeking protection for their families from the ravages of slavery. The runaways pressured the British admirals into becoming
Frederick Douglass recalled that slaves living along Chesapeake Bay longingly viewed sailing ships as "freedom's swift-winged angels." In 1813 those angels appeared in the bay as British warships coming to punish the Americans for declaring war on the empire. Over many nights, hundreds of slaves paddled out to the warships seeking protection for their families from the ravages of slavery. The runaways pressured the British admirals into becoming liberators. As guides, pilots, sailors, and marines, the former slaves used their intimate knowledge of the countryside to transform the war. They enabled the British to escalate their onshore attacks and to capture and burn Washington, D.C. Tidewater masters had long dreaded their slaves as "an internal enemy." By mobilizing that enemy, the war ignited the deepest fears of Chesapeake slaveholders. It also alienated Virginians from a national government that had neglected their defense. Instead they turned south, their interests aligning more and more with their section. In 1820 Thomas Jefferson observed of sectionalism: "Like a firebell in the night it] awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it at once the knell of the union." The notes of alarm in Jefferson's comment speak of the fear aroused by the recent crisis over slavery in his home state. His vision of a cataclysm to come proved prescient. Jefferson's startling observation registered a turn in the nation's course, a pivot from the national purpose of the founding toward the threat of disunion. Drawn from new sources, Alan Taylor's riveting narrative re-creates the events that inspired black Virginians, haunted slaveholders, and set the nation on a new and dangerous course.Binding Type: Paperback
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Published: 09/02/2014
ISBN: 9780393349733
Pages: 605
Weight: 1.05lbs
Size: 8.10h x 5.50w x 1.20d
Review Citations: New York Times Book Review 11/02/2014 pg. 28
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4.8 ★★★★★
Based on 26 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 3
Beware of the Brown Crazy Horse version.
NOTE: This review is COLOR SPECIFIC and concerns the Brown Crazy Horse version of this shoe.
I am a loyal Florsheim customer having purchased Florsheim Imperials in years past. They are a fine shoe. However, I have to admit complete frustration with the Florsheim Berkley Flex Penny Loafer in "Brown Crazy Horse." The photos in the listing show a shoe with gloss...a shine. The photos on the box show a shoe with shine. Don't believe the photos. "Brown Crazy Horse" is, at best a dull matte finished leather. If you want a classic penny loafer with the classic Florsheim look this is NOT the color to choose. When the shoes arrived and the shoes did not match the photo on the box, I ignorantly assumed it was merely a case of the wrong shoes in the box so I exchanged them for another pair, which was a big mistake. It is Florsheim's incorrect photo and box label that caused me the inconvenience of going through two pair and then having to return both. I would assume other colors are as pictured in their listings because I cannot imagine that every Florsheim Berkley Flex Penny Loafer is a dull matte finish. I'm sorry that I do not have photos of the dull finished shoes. You'll have to take my word for it. They are a matte finish at best.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 21, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Just right, great quality and value (in the price)
Size: 11.5 X-Wide, Color: Burgundy
Exactly what I'd expect from a Florsheim. I'm delighted.
Folks, let me share one mistake I made on my way to a good fitting pair of shoes. I ordered some in my size (I have a big foot, especially in width). I ordered what I thought I needed and it came in wide enough, but too short (the short was the surprise), but we all are told: "Manufacturers vary in their sizes not only from each other but from shoe model to shoe model." I want you to know I believe in that when it applies to clothes, especially children's and womens fashions in my life's experiences, but NOT with shoes, especially main-brand-deluxe. I ordered the next half-size up and now I have too large, how can that be? I found out when I pulled the paper stuffing out, in particular the LAST glob that extends from the middle to the toe, that it WASN'T the last glob, there was indeed a rather small glob still way down in the toe, almost pointless for this minor bit of stuffing being separate from the other, but it was. I had already innocently troubled Amazon with returns of shoes that would have fit, so I'll keep the half-size too large as a life lesson. I ordered this pair in the size I believed I was all along and viola, a good fit. What changed? When that last toe piece of paper wadding that's hard to see and even harder with a big hand to reach, the shoe fit perfectly. That's a lot of trouble because of a small piece of paper that was hard to see, but that's why I write this review for you so that you can make sure all the paper is really out when you already think it is. Amazon has been good enough not to hold me accountable and in return I'll not only repeat buy, I tell you of my experience.
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Reviewed in the United States on December 3, 2014
★★★★★ 5
Great price great shoe
Size: 12, Color: Burgundy Polished Full Grain
Excellent shoe. Tried the Sebago penny loafer and the sizing was ridiculous. These J and M are sized perfectly. I’ve had them before and they wear like iron. Very comfortable right out of the box.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 23, 2026
★★★★★ 5
One of the best shoes
Size: 9.5, Color: Black Polished Full Grain
Outstanding. Fashionable, most comfortable and good construction. No sines of use after quite some time. Highly recommended.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 21, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Really nice shoes
Size: 9, Color: Black Polished Full Grain
My husband enjoys wearing these shoes. Very classy looking. They fit well. They arrived quickly. He liked them so much he ordered another pair in a different color which have worked out just as well.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 3, 2026