Heme Oxygenase 1 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-2614-1)

Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1, HSP32) is a 32 kDa stress-responsive enzyme anchored to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum that cleaves heme at the α-meso carbon to release equimolar biliverdin (rapidly reduced to bilirubin), carbon monoxide (CO) and ferrous iron, thereby not only eliminating the pro-oxidant heme but also generating potent antioxidants and the signaling gas CO; transcription of the HMOX1 gene is potently induced by myriad stressors—including heme itself, ROS, heavy metals, cytokines, hypoxia, nitric oxide, and natural electrophiles—via Nrf2/ARE, Bach1, HIF-1, AP-1 and NF-κB pathways, giving HO-1 a central cytoprotective role against oxidative and inflammatory injury in cardiovascular, neuronal, renal and hepatic tissues, modulating mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy and immune tolerance, while its products bilirubin and CO respectively scavenge radicals and activate cGMP/PKG signaling to vasodilate, inhibit platelet aggregation and suppress apoptosis, making HO-1 a therapeutic target in sepsis, ischemia–reperfusion, transplant rejection, metabolic disorders and neurodegeneration.